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Job 4 |
King James Version
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Job 4:1 Then Eliphaz the Temanite answered and said,
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Job 4:2 [If] we assay to commune with thee, wilt thou be grieved? but who can withhold himself from speaking?
What does Eliphaz say? “Have you often spoken in your suffering?” By “suffering” the Scripture may signify “sin,” as it states, “Under his tongue is mischief.” Eliphaz did not say, Have you committed any evil action? Eliphaz asks, “Have you spoken?” Indeed the fame of Job’s life shone everywhere, and many still testified to Job’s virtue. It is useless, Eliphaz says to Job, to say that your deeds are just and good, for the very reason that the fault is sometimes found in the words we speak. “And who can tolerate the violence of your words?” Consider now the expression “Have you often spoken?” The hesitation and uncertainty do not come from his moderation but from the fact that Eliphaz cannot convince Job about an evident fault on his part, “the violence of your words.” What did Job say? He wished to die and to be delivered from his present life. Did Job actually say, “Is it in spite of my justice and virtues that I suffer such misfortunes”? No. He said, “I wanted to disappear with the impious, with my servants, with the stillborn. I wanted to have the same fate as the impious.” He did not say, “I, who have such qualities and such importance.” - "Commentary on Job 4.2"
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Job 4:3 Behold, thou hast instructed many, and thou hast strengthened the weak hands.
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Job 4:4 Thy words have upholden him that was falling, and thou hast strengthened the feeble knees.
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Job 4:5 But now it is come upon thee, and thou faintest; it toucheth thee, and thou art troubled.
“See, you have reproached many.” Eliphaz shows Job that he has corrected many with his action and has brought them back to a fitting moderation with his advice and warnings. “And you have strengthened the weak hands,” that is, since you exhorted others to endure with a strong soul the calamities that befell them, now it is fair that you exercise patience in your own afflictions. - "Commentary on Job 4.3"
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Job 4:6 [Is] not [this] thy fear, thy confidence, thy hope, and the uprightness of thy ways?
“Is not your fear based on folly, as is your hope, and your mischievous ways?” That is to say, was there not a foolish intention behind your actions? Eliphaz means, “Either you have not done these things, or your life is full of evil. Or you do not fear God with a righteous intention and all that you say is mere words. Your hope is based on folly.” Eliphaz states that Job’s hope was filled with foolishness. Why? Is it necessary to say that? Is it not possible that after often helping his neighbor, he has now fallen into misfortune? “No,” says Eliphaz. - "Commentary on Job 4.6"
While Scripture’s spirit witnesses on behalf of Job that he has not committed any folly against God, Eliphaz incorrectly understands the reason behind what has been imposed upon Job. Eliphaz believes that Job suffers because of trespasses, and he thinks the words Job has spoken were motivated by his unacceptable behavior. “Is not your fear founded in folly,” since you think you are righteous, “your hope also, and the mischief of your way?” Folly, Eliphaz says, is also the hope that you will be considered righteous. For such punishments are not imposed upon a righteous person. Eliphaz calls Job’s way the “way of wickedness.” He continuously thinks that the holy man suffers due to sins. This is also why Eliphaz ascribes folly to him. - "Commentary on Job 4.6"
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Job 4:7 Remember, I pray thee, who [ever] perished, being innocent? or where were the righteous cut off?
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Job 4:8 Even as I have seen, they that plow iniquity, and sow wickedness, reap the same.
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Job 4:9 By the blast of God they perish, and by the breath of his nostrils are they consumed.
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Job 4:10 The roaring of the lion, and the voice of the fierce lion, and the teeth of the young lions, are broken.
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Job 4:11 The old lion perisheth for lack of prey, and the stout lion's whelps are scattered abroad.
The writer mentions natural things, that is, nothing that is new or unusual. Certain laws regulate everything, and nothing has changed. Indeed, if what concerns wild beasts remains the same, even more so what concerns us remains unchanged. If it is not possible to restrain “the strength of the lion,” then the righteous also cannot be prevented from talking frankly. In fact, as the wild beast naturally possesses strength, so also the righteous person possesses a natural power and force. Actually it is more likely for a lion to become weak than for a righteous person to allow others to manipulate him. - "Commentary on Job 4.10"
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Job 4:12 Now a thing was secretly brought to me, and mine ear received a little thereof.
In the present case Eliphaz wants to suggest, in my opinion, that Job has often spoken such words either, perhaps, to drive others to jealousy or with a different intention. You that ask such questions, see whom you resemble. Indeed, if Eliphaz has spoken so in these circumstances without obtaining forgiveness, it will be the same for us. Our situation will be even worse, because we have views similar to those of Eliphaz. And we have the advantage of the proofs the facts provide. We have been allowed to see the real reasons for the misfortunes that happened to Job. Yet we are just like those who believe they found a reason to blame him and to attack him without waiting for the evidence of the facts. - "Commentary on Job 4.12"
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Job 4:13 In thoughts from the visions of the night, when deep sleep falleth on men,
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Job 4:14 Fear came upon me, and trembling, which made all my bones to shake.
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Job 4:15 Then a spirit passed before my face; the hair of my flesh stood up:
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Job 4:16 It stood still, but I could not discern the form thereof: an image [was] before mine eyes, [there was] silence, and I heard a voice, [saying],
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Job 4:17 Shall mortal man be more just than God? shall a man be more pure than his maker?
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Job 4:18 Behold, he put no trust in his servants; and his angels he charged with folly:
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Job 4:19 How much less [in] them that dwell in houses of clay, whose foundation [is] in the dust, [which] are crushed before the moth?
In truth, to be faultless is not easy for human beings. Faultlessness is beyond human possibilities. The order of the angels is itself subject to such weakness. This is what Eliphaz says, “Even in his servants God puts no trust.” It is evident that God “puts no trust” in the righteous—like you, who have trusted yourself—because he knows the weakness of their nature and how easily their flesh falls. The fallen angels give God a reason not to trust in them, those whom “he charges with error.” He has driven them away from the former honor of their rank and has reduced them to a lower position because they had evil thoughts against God. But if it is so for them, who even though they have a weak nature live nonetheless in the heights among the virtuous powers, and if it is so for angels who in their own nature were above us, what will we say about our own human condition, one even more subject to sin? - "Homilies on Job 7.4.18–21"
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Job 4:20 They are destroyed from morning to evening: they perish for ever without any regarding [it].
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Job 4:21 Doth not their excellency [which is] in them go away? they die, even without wisdom.
Eliphaz, still clinging to the same principle … that Job’s critical circumstances were due to Job’s own sins, adds these words, “Since they could not help themselves through virtue by repenting of their evils, these afflictions befell them.” And Eliphaz suggests that he fully comprehends this situation. They perished since they could not drive away the most fearful accidents because of their weakness, demonstrating human power’s worthlessness. - "Commentary on Job 4.20–21"
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