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Job 14 |
King James Version
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Job 14:1 Man [that is] born of a woman [is] of few days, and full of trouble.
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Job 14:2 He cometh forth like a flower, and is cut down: he fleeth also as a shadow, and continueth not.
Man, who is born of a woman, “has a short life,” because he has been ordered to return to the earth. With regard to the expression “full of wrath,” Job thinks about that moment in which man received the order to observe the commandment but transgressed it. And therefore “like a flower that has finished blooming, he fell after being shaken”; he bloomed in paradise, so that he imposed a name on every animal. But “he fell after being shaken,” when Adam was enticed into the deception of the dragon. At that stage “he fled like a shadow,” because, being naked, he concealed himself away from God and hid under a tree of the paradise. When God called him, “Adam, where are you?” he did not show up.… Therefore our hope was destroyed. Since he had fallen from paradise, man was deprived of his goods and perished completely, because with a single blow he was condemned as someone who had fallen, without any possibility for us to hope of judgment. In fact, if there is hope for judgment, there is also hope for crowns. - "Homilies on Job 16.14.1–2"
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Job 14:3 And dost thou open thine eyes upon such an one, and bringest me into judgment with thee?
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Job 14:4 Who can bring a clean [thing] out of an unclean? not one.
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Job 14:5 Seeing his days [are] determined, the number of his months [are] with thee, thou hast appointed his bounds that he cannot pass;
You see Job taking refuge again in his nature, because it is impossible, he says, to be pure. [He implores God] not only because of our weakness or our ephemeral nature or the disheartening that fills our life, but because it is also impossible to be pure. “Stay away from me, so that I may be peaceful and satisfied about my life like a laborer.” Job expresses again the ephemeral, miserable and unhappy character of life. “And since I am overwhelmed and unhappy, I ask only to be left in peace.” Then Job demonstrates that human beings are the unhappiest of all, more than trees, rivers and the sea. - "Commentary on Job 14.4–6"
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Job 14:6 Turn from him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish, as an hireling, his day.
Since God is with Job through the hardships he lays upon him, Job says, “Look away!” in the sense of “Bring your anger to an end!” God approaches in different ways by allowing participation and through anger. The friends had come to the conclusion that Job suffers for his sin. He therefore harshly responds that “The human being has a short life and is like a withered flower and a shadow” and “God sees him.” In this Job was demonstrating for them that he was not suffering because of sin. He says, “Look away!” If God delivers someone into such a flood of afflictions, the human being has no calm for remorse. Job therefore teaches his friends that their opinion is unreasonable. For he says, “Look away from him and desist, that he may enjoy, like a hireling, his day.” In such affliction he would not be able to have calm or to enjoy his life.…
But Job spoke this to his friends so that it might be clear that God grants a break in order for remorse to occur. This is why Paul says, “Or do you despise the riches of his kindness and forbearance and patience? Do you not realize that God’s kindness is meant to lead you to repentance?” That “desist” is said instead of “end your wickedness and be virtuous” becomes plain in the words “If you have sinned, desist!” And “the earth feared and was still when God rose up to establish judgment.” When people realize that God is judge, they desist from sinning. - "Commentary on Job 14.6"
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Job 14:7 For there is hope of a tree, if it be cut down, that it will sprout again, and that the tender branch thereof will not cease.
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Job 14:8 Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, and the stock thereof die in the ground;
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Job 14:9 [Yet] through the scent of water it will bud, and bring forth boughs like a plant.
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Job 14:10 But man dieth, and wasteth away: yea, man giveth up the ghost, and where [is] he?
Here the blessed Job assumes the role of teacher and prophet, and through the symbol of the tree coming to life again, he predicts his return to his former state. At the same time, Job prophesies that human nature in its entirety will be renewed. Giving vigorous thanks to the perfume of the baptismal waters, the human race will sprout again. Endowed with a new growing foliage, human nature will regain the dignity of its former beauty. After, it will be planted again through the death of the Lord. - "Commentary on Job 14.7"
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Job 14:11 [As] the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up:
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Job 14:12 So man lieth down, and riseth not: till the heavens [be] no more, they shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep.
By calling death “sleep,” Job has clearly given us the hope for resurrection. However, he says, we will not awake “until heavens are no more.” That is obvious, because, as Isaiah said, it is necessary that “they shall be rolled together like a scroll.” It is necessary that all their powers are shaken, that the sun and the moon are obscured and that the stars, after being unsettled, fall like leaves. Then, at the sound of the trumpet, the angels will raise us from the dead, as from “sleep,” obviously under the order and the sign of God. - "Homilies on Job 17.14.12"
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Job 14:13 O that thou wouldest hide me in the grave, that thou wouldest keep me secret, until thy wrath be past, that thou wouldest appoint me a set time, and remember me!
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Job 14:14 If a man die, shall he live [again]? all the days of my appointed time will I wait, till my change come.
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Job 14:15 Thou shalt call, and I will answer thee: thou wilt have a desire to the work of thine hands.
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Job 14:16 For now thou numberest my steps: dost thou not watch over my sin?
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Job 14:17 My transgression [is] sealed up in a bag, and thou sewest up mine iniquity.
Since Job wants to show that not only the body is resurrected but also the soul whose thoughts are fixed on God, he says, “You would call, and I would answer you.” For listening when God calls is a quality of a creature endowed with reason, that is, the soul. - "Commentary on Job 14.15b"
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Job 14:18 And surely the mountain falling cometh to nought, and the rock is removed out of his place.
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Job 14:19 The waters wear the stones: thou washest away the things which grow [out] of the dust of the earth; and thou destroyest the hope of man.
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Job 14:20 Thou prevailest for ever against him, and he passeth: thou changest his countenance, and sendest him away.
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Job 14:21 His sons come to honour, and he knoweth [it] not; and they are brought low, but he perceiveth [it] not of them.
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Job 14:22 But his flesh upon him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn.
“A person is punished,” Job says, “and, even if he has many descendents, he does not know them. In fact, after his death, he is often deprived of the pleasures that he was accustomed to enjoy while alive. What is the pleasure of leaving children after one who has departed?” You see, everywhere Job emphasizes the ephemeral character of life. It is impossible to come back and to return down here. Even if he leaves children after him, he does not know how they will prosper. He does not know at all whether his descendants will be numerous or scarce. What is more painful than to ignore one’s successes and to go away alone by only knowing one’s afflictions? Even if something good happens to him after his death, he does not know, nor will he ever know it [in this life]; but what he surely knows now is that “his flesh is in pain and his soul mourns.” - "Commentary on Job 14.20–22"
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